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    <li><a href="#前言">前言</a></li>
    <li><a href="#1查询了下报错信息">1、查询了下报错信息</a></li>
    <li><a href="#2xwindows介绍">2、Xwindows介绍</a></li>
    <li><a href="#3在mac安装xquartz">3、在Mac安装XQuartz</a></li>
    <li><a href="#4可能服务器上需要安装xauth可选参考验证后再决策">4、可能服务器上需要安装xauth(可选，参考验证后再决策)</a>
      <ul>
        <li><a href="#41-如果没安装会提示">4.1 如果没安装会提示</a></li>
        <li><a href="#42-安装命令">4.2 安装命令</a></li>
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    <li><a href="#5修改服务器上的配置">5、修改服务器上的配置</a></li>
    <li><a href="#6在服务器上安装x11小工具可选步骤用于验证x11是否成功">6、在服务器上安装X11小工具（可选步骤，用于验证X11是否成功）</a></li>
    <li><a href="#7在mac端连接服务器并启用x11转发功能">7、在Mac端连接服务器并启用X11转发功能</a></li>
    <li><a href="#8测试运行x11验证小程序可选">8、测试运行X11验证小程序（可选）</a></li>
    <li><a href="#9原理解析">9、原理解析</a></li>
    <li><a href="#10结束语">10、结束语</a>
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    <article class="post">
        <header>
            <h1 class="post-title">Mac下远程运行Linux的GUI程序</h1>
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        <date class="post-meta meta-date">
            2020年9月17日
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        <div class="post-meta">
            <span>|</span>
            
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                <a href='/categories/mac' target="_blank">mac</a>
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                <a href='/categories/linux' target="_blank">linux</a>
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            <h2 id="前言">前言</h2>
<p>2019年嫌公司发的E480定制16G太卡更换自己的MacBookPro2015后，一直也没碰到linux下的GUI程序，前阵子有程序jvm内存泄露，生成的dump文件有5G，用自己的mbp解析内存不足，就想到以前整理的IBM的dump分析工具jca458，然后盲目的试了试，修改了DISPLAY的ip，然后启动报错&hellip;</p>
<p>看来windows下的X11脚本连接Xmanager行不通了，得另外想法子</p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">[</span>root<span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@javaMemoryDumpAnalyzer</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">]</span><span style="color:#a61717;background-color:#e3d2d2">#</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">./</span>memory<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">sh</span>  
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>No protocol specified
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>No protocol specified
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>Exception occurred in <span style="color:#900;font-weight:bold">main</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">()</span> of IBM Thread and Monitor Dump Analyzer
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>java<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">awt</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">AWTError</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span> Can<span style="color:#a61717;background-color:#e3d2d2">&#39;</span>t connect to X11 window server using <span style="color:#a61717;background-color:#e3d2d2">&#39;</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">*.*.*.*:</span>0<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">0</span><span style="color:#a61717;background-color:#e3d2d2">&#39;</span> as the value of the DISPLAY variable<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at sun<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">awt</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">X11GraphicsEnvironment</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">initDisplay</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>Native Method<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at sun<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">awt</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">X11GraphicsEnvironment</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">access$200</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>X11GraphicsEnvironment<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>65<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at sun<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">awt</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">X11GraphicsEnvironment$1</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">run</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>X11GraphicsEnvironment<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>115<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at java<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">security</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">AccessController</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">doPrivileged</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>Native Method<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at sun<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">awt</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">X11GraphicsEnvironment</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.&lt;</span>clinit<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">&gt;(</span>X11GraphicsEnvironment<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>74<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at java<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">lang</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">Class</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">forName0</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>Native Method<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at java<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">lang</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">Class</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">forName</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>Class<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>264<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at java<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">awt</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">GraphicsEnvironment</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">createGE</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>GraphicsEnvironment<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>103<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at java<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">awt</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">GraphicsEnvironment</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">getLocalGraphicsEnvironment</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>GraphicsEnvironment<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>82<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at java<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">awt</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">Window</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">initGC</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>Window<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>475<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at java<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">awt</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">Window</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">init</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>Window<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>495<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at java<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">awt</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">Window</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.&lt;</span>init<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">&gt;(</span>Window<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>537<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at java<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">awt</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">Frame</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.&lt;</span>init<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">&gt;(</span>Frame<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>420<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at java<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">awt</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">Frame</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.&lt;</span>init<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">&gt;(</span>Frame<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>385<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at javax<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">swing</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">JFrame</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.&lt;</span>init<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">&gt;(</span>JFrame<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>189<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at com<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">ibm</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">jinwoo</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">thread</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">Analyzer</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.&lt;</span>init<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">&gt;(</span>Analyzer<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>489<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>        at com<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">ibm</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">jinwoo</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">thread</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">Analyzer</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">main</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>Analyzer<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">java</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">:</span>7029<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><h2 id="1查询了下报错信息">1、查询了下报错信息</h2>
<p>MacOS从v10.5附带了X11的升级版本XQuartz，但是从10.7后又不附带了，需要自己额外安装<br>
苹果官网介绍X11：<a href="https://support.apple.com/zh-cn/HT201341">https://support.apple.com/zh-cn/HT201341</a><br>
XQuartz下载地址：<a href="https://www.xquartz.org">https://www.xquartz.org</a></p>
<h2 id="2xwindows介绍">2、Xwindows介绍</h2>
<p>XWindow系统最初是由MIT在1984年开发的，目的是为了给Unix以及类Unix操作系统一个通用性强且硬件无关的GUI接口。</p>
<p>目前常见的XWindow系统都是基于11版本进行改良的，所以统称为X11。</p>
<p>目前像KDE、GNOME这些所谓的linux GUI其实就是Xwindows的一种。</p>
<h2 id="3在mac安装xquartz">3、在Mac安装XQuartz</h2>
<p>下载步骤2中的XQuartz,然后按照提示一路安装完成

        <img class="mx-auto" alt="" src="/posts/x11/xquartz.jpg" />   
    </p>
<h2 id="4可能服务器上需要安装xauth可选参考验证后再决策">4、可能服务器上需要安装xauth(可选，参考验证后再决策)</h2>
<div class="highlight"><div style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">
<table style="border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;"><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 1
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 2
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 3
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 4
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 5
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 6
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 7
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 8
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 9
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">10
</span></code></pre></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">[</span>root@javaMemoryDumpAnalyzer<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">]</span><span style="color:#998;font-style:italic"># yum search xauth</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> * base: mirrors.163.com
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> * extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> * updates: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">=========================================================================</span> N/S Matched: <span style="color:#008080">xauth</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">=========================================================================</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>xorg-x11-xauth.x86_64 : X.Org X11 X authority utilities
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>  Name and summary matches only, use <span style="color:#d14">&#34;search all&#34;</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">for</span> everything.
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><h3 id="41-如果没安装会提示">4.1 如果没安装会提示</h3>
<div class="highlight"><div style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">
<table style="border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;"><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">1
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">2
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">3
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">4
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">5
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">6
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">7
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">8
</span></code></pre></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">[</span>root@javaMemoryDumpAnalyzer<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">]</span><span style="color:#998;font-style:italic"># yum search xauth</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> * base: mirrors.163.com
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> * extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> * updates: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>Warning: No matches found <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">for</span>: xauth
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>No Matches found
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><h3 id="42-安装命令">4.2 安装命令</h3>
<div class="highlight"><div style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">
<table style="border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;"><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">1
</span></code></pre></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span>yum install xauth
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><h2 id="5修改服务器上的配置">5、修改服务器上的配置</h2>
<p>打开服务器上的/etc/ssh/sshd_config</p>
<p>然后将X11Forwarding以及X11UseLocalhost这两行修改为：</p>
<div class="highlight"><div style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">
<table style="border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;"><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">1
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">2
</span></code></pre></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span>X11Forwarding yes
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>X11UseLocalhost no
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>另外如果服务器关闭了IPv6功能，那么还要将AddressFamily这一行修改为：</p>
<div class="highlight"><div style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">
<table style="border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;"><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">1
</span></code></pre></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span>AddressFamily inet
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><h2 id="6在服务器上安装x11小工具可选步骤用于验证x11是否成功">6、在服务器上安装X11小工具（可选步骤，用于验证X11是否成功）</h2>
<p>这步是为了验证X11是否配置成功并生效
在服务器上执行</p>
<div class="highlight"><div style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">
<table style="border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;"><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">1
</span></code></pre></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span>yum install xorg-x11-apps
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><h2 id="7在mac端连接服务器并启用x11转发功能">7、在Mac端连接服务器并启用X11转发功能</h2>
<p>打开步骤3安装完成的XQuartz，然后选择XQuartz菜单的『应用程序』 - 『终端』

        <img class="mx-auto" alt="" src="/posts/x11/run.jpg" />   
    </p>
<p>输入ssh连接命令</p>
<div class="highlight"><div style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">
<table style="border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;"><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">1
</span></code></pre></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span>ssh -Y &lt;用户名&gt;@&lt;服务器ip/域名&gt;
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>连接后，如果终端窗口没有出现以下内容表示X11转发开启成功（这步我没验证出现，是查阅资料说有这个提醒，我的实测没转发成功也没这个提示）</p>
<div class="highlight"><div style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">
<table style="border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;"><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">1
</span></code></pre></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span>X11 forwarding request failed on channel <span style="color:#099">0</span>
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><h2 id="8测试运行x11验证小程序可选">8、测试运行X11验证小程序（可选）</h2>
<p>步骤6中测试X11小程序派上用场了，虽然是可选步骤，为了保险，还是可以安装下一步一步测试</p>
<div class="highlight"><div style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">
<table style="border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;"><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">1
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">2
</span></code></pre></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span>xeyes
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>xclock
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>运行之后稍等，Mac这边会弹出2个窗口的小程序，分别是一个会随光标转动的眼睛和一个会走动的时钟，如下图这样展示就表示成功了。

        <img class="mx-auto" alt="" src="/posts/x11/eyes.jpg" />   
    
        <img class="mx-auto" alt="" src="/posts/x11/clock.jpg" />   
    </p>
<h2 id="9原理解析">9、原理解析</h2>
<p>当ssh连接简历完成并成功开启X11转发后，服务器默认会监听127.0.0.1(localhost)的6010端口</p>
<p>可以在服务器上查看DISPLAY环境变量</p>
<div class="highlight"><div style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">
<table style="border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;"><tr><td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">1
</span><span style="white-space:pre;user-select:none;margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">2
</span></code></pre></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">[</span>root@javaMemoryDumpAnalyzer ~<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">]</span><span style="color:#998;font-style:italic"># echo $DISPLAY</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>localhost:10.0
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>不过随着开的XQuaztr终端窗口通过ssh连接服务器越多，DISPLAY的值会递增，11.0、12.0&hellip;，第一个终端窗口才是10.0</p>
<pre tabindex="0"><code>DISPLAY环境变量中的值：  
localhost：表示X服务器的地址。  
10：表示端口自6000的偏移量，10即表示6010，开启了第二个XQuartz终端窗口并ssh连接服务器后，在这第二个终端窗口查看DISPLAY变量会显示11.0，表示6011，12.0表示6012，依次递增1。  
0：表示在X服务器上的第0个显示器上输出。
</code></pre><p>再继续在服务器上打开X应用，X应用就会和localhost:6010建立连接，然后服务器就会和客户端（Mac）建立起一条ssh隧道，对接客户端上的X服务器，从而实现服务器的X程序在客户端上显示的目的。</p>
<p>而Mac上的XQuartz可以看成是一个带窗口管理功能的X服务器。</p>
<h2 id="10结束语">10、结束语</h2>
<p>最后自己需要的IBM jca分析工具也启动成功了。类似的linux GUI工具还有很多，如：Oracle家的linux安装软件，linux下的Wireshark，赛门铁克家的VCS等

        <img class="mx-auto" alt="" src="/posts/x11/jca.jpg" />   
    </p>
<h3 id="注意">注意：</h3>
<p>X11转发对网络传输要求较高，建议在服务器与客户端之间网络稳定的情况下使用，否则网络不畅可能出现窗口卡顿或显示不全的情况<br>
一旦ssh掉线或者关闭XQuartz终端窗口，那么所有的X11应用也将被强制退出</p>

        </div>

        
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        <li><strong>原文作者：</strong><a rel="author" href="https://anttu.gitee.io/">Anttu</a></li>
        <li style="word-break:break-all"><strong>原文链接：</strong><a href="https://anttu.gitee.io/post/2020-09-17-xwindows_x11_xquartz/">https://anttu.gitee.io/post/2020-09-17-xwindows_x11_xquartz/</a></li>
        <li><strong>版权声明：</strong>本作品采用<a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">知识共享署名-非商业性使用-禁止演绎 4.0 国际许可协议</a>进行许可，非商业转载请注明出处（作者，原文链接），商业转载请联系作者获得授权。</li>
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        <li><a href="/post/2019-04-21-linux_knoledge/">linux的一些细节点-不定期补充</a></li>
        
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    </ul>
</div>


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